"This study examined students' perceptions of family involvement behaviors at home and at school, and the relation between perceived family involvement and perceived family emphasis on mastery and performance achievement goals, task value, and confidence in students' ability in math. Middle and high school students differentiated between types of family involvement, including perceived family capacity to provide help, home-based monitoring and assistance, and school-based involvement. Perceptions of family capacity to provide help, and home-based monitoring and assistance, positively predicted perceived family mastery and performance goal emphases, valuing of math, and family confidence in students' abilities. Perceived school-based involvement negatively predicted perceived family mastery goal emphasis, valuing of math, and confidence in student ability, but positively predicted family performance goal emphasis."
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